Kyle Smith
PTO European Open
Kyle's headline numbers
Kyle's strategy
Fueling
Carbohydrate is the main fuel you burn when racing. Failing to fuel properly is a leading cause of underperformance in longer races.
Kyle executed a solid fueling strategy using PF Carb & Electrolyte Drink Mix, PF 90 Gels, and PF 30 Gels. His average intake was well above the recommended 90g of carb per hour, though there was a notable decrease in carbohydrate consumption from bike to run (~131g/h to ~67g/h). While a drop-off is common especially for a race of this distance, and such a high bike intake will have ‘front-loaded’ for the run, Kyle may benefit from a more consistent intake if he plans to compete in longer races, in order to minimise the risk of GI discomfort.
Hydration
Taking on board an appropriate amount of fluid and sodium is essential to maintaining blood volume and supporting the cardiovascular effort needed to perform on race day.
Whilst the absolute amount of sodium and fluid consumed per hour is important, it’s critical to consider these in relation to each other. This is known as 'relative sodium concentration' and it’s expressed in milligrams per litre (mg/L). How much sodium you’re taking in per litre of fluid is more important than the absolute amount taken in per hour.
Sweat sodium concentration (mg/L) is largely genetically determined and remains relatively stable. Knowing how salty your sweat is enables you to replace a good proportion of your sweat losses, which can range from 200-2,000mg/L.
Whilst Kyle’s losses are on the low side, getting his hydration strategy right is still crucial when it’s hot and/or humid as his higher sweat rate in these conditions can result in significant net losses over the duration of a race.
Learn moreOn the bike, Kyle started strong, carrying two full bottles; one with PF Carb & Electrolyte Drink Mix and the other with water. However, as he approached the largest hill on the lapped course, he couldn't find the expected aid station until he spotted it further down on a fast descent, making it challenging to collect anything while maintaining his speed. Travelling over 50km/h, he missed two bottles, leaving him with an average intake of only ~600ml/h - and whilst replacing 100% of your losses isn’t necessary or even advisable, his intake was significantly below his estimated loss of over 1.25L/h based on previous sweat rate testing. Even if he began optimally hydrated, Kyle’s net fluid loss likely exceeded 2% of his body weight between kilometres later into the race. This timing aligned with a sharp drop in his pace and a significant increase in his perceived effort.
Caffeine
Beyond the Three Levers of Performance (carb, sodium and fluid), caffeine is one of only a few substances that is proven to improve performance for most endurance athletes as it can help stave off mental and physical fatigue.
Kyle’s caffeine intake was well-timed, with one PF 30 Caffeine Gel 15 minutes before the start and another just before transitioning to the one-hour run. With a total intake of around 200mg, he fell slightly below the recommended 3-6mg/kg to optimise performance. To maximise the ergogenic benefits, he could consider adding one or two more caffeine gels throughout the race.
How Kyle hit his numbers
Here's everything that Kyle ate and drank on the day...
Kyle's weapons of choice
Final thoughts
Kyle's full stats
Data Confidence?
There is some confidence in the quantities and brands of products consumed but the data may lack specifics (e.g. volumes specific flavours). A high number of estimations have been made and the room for error is moderate-high. There may also be the possibility that some intake has been grossly over- or under-estimated.