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Luke Henderson

IRONMAN 70.3® Sunshine Coast

8th September, 2024
Australia
Sunshine Coast
3rd, M40-44
Triathlon, Middle distance - 113.1km
20°C
, Hot and Humid
4hrs 10mins
more race details

Luke's headline numbers

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?
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~107
g
Carb per hour
Recommended 90g/h+
~743
ml
Fluid per hour
Recommended 500-1,000ml/h
~1,572
mg
Sodium per litre
Recommended 1900-2300mg/L
~7.7
mg
Caffeine per kg
Recommended 3-6mg/kg

Luke's strategy

Fueling

Carbohydrate is the main fuel you burn when racing. Failing to fuel properly is a leading cause of underperformance in longer races.

Carb-rich meal
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T - 1-4hrs: Ate a carb rich meal (Low in fat & fibre)
pre-fueled
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T - 15mins: Took in a final dose of carb
Carb per hour
Recommended 90g/h+
~107
g
Luke's Energy Rating
10
/10
"It is hard to say exactly as I was so fatigued from not tapering, but from a nutrition standpoint I would say I nailed it."
Our thoughts

Luke entered this 70.3® off the back of limited training from an achilles injury, so he didn’t do the normal pre-race taper and instead used it as a training race for the big showdown at the IRONMAN® World Championships in Kona in October. His previous IRONMAN® Cairns race saw him consume the highest average intake he’s achieved so far (~80g/h), but this race saw him step up to ~107g/h over the middle distance. To achieve this, Luke has been putting himself through plenty of gut training so he can tolerate this level of carb and fluid volumes in race conditions. He used a mixture of PF 30 Caffeine Gels, PF 30 Gels and PF 300 Flow Gel throughout the bike and run. Similar to many triathletes, Luke had quite a dramatic drop off of carb from bike to run (~135g/h to ~62g/h). However, this is quite a bigger drop than we see on average but still dramatically higher than his previous 70.3® fuel intake.

Hydration

Taking on board an appropriate amount of fluid and sodium is essential to maintaining blood volume and supporting the cardiovascular effort needed to perform on race day.

Whilst the absolute amount of sodium and fluid consumed per hour is important, it’s critical to consider these in relation to each other. This is known as 'relative sodium concentration' and it’s expressed in milligrams per litre (mg/L). How much sodium you’re taking in per litre of fluid is more important than the absolute amount taken in per hour.

Luke2129mg/L
Luke has been Sweat Tested to dial in his hydration plan

Sweat sodium concentration (mg/L) is largely genetically determined and remains relatively stable. Knowing how salty your sweat is enables you to replace a good proportion of your sweat losses, which can range from 200-2,000mg/L.

Given Luke’s losses are Very High (2,129mg/L), nailing his hydration strategy becomes especially crucial when it’s hot and/or humid.

Learn more
Pre-loaded electrolytes
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T - 60mins: Drank ~500ml of strong electrolyte drink
Fluid per hour
Recommended 500-1,000ml/h
~743
ml
Sodium per litre
Recommended 1900-2300mg/L
~1,572
mg
Luke's Hydration Rating
10
/10
"Other than feeling a little nauseous on the bike I felt good, and didn’t cramp at all during the race."
Our thoughts

Luke has a history of hydration issues while racing, mostly in warm conditions with his extremely high sweat sodium concentration and high sweat rate. He’s made several notable changes to combat this, including using sweat rate modelling to predict his fluid requirements during exercise and more closely matching his losses, especially on the bike. Luke recently found success in Cairns by replacing his excessive electrolyte losses with both PH 1500 on the bike and Electrolyte Capsules on the run and sodium chloride tablets and continued this strategy for this race. Given his positive subjective views on his fluid and sodium intake, we’d suggest generally sticking with this strategy moving forward. However, he could look to bring up his sodium intake to better match his losses, especially for longer races such as the IRONMAN® World Championships in Kona where it could be more impactful in the heat.

Caffeine

Beyond the Three Levers of Performance (carb, sodium and fluid), caffeine is one of only a few substances that is proven to improve performance for most endurance athletes as it can help stave off mental and physical fatigue.

Pre-caffeinated
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T - 0-4hrs: Had a final hit of caffeine
Caffeine per kg
Recommended 3-6mg/kg
~7.7
mg
Our thoughts

Luke is one of those individuals who tolerates and loves high doses of caffeine, surpassing the recommendations during almost all of his races. And, this race was no exception. Luke consumed five PF 30 Caffeine Gels, which puts him above the upper limit of the guidelines of 3-6mg/kg. Since Luke experienced no side effects with this strategy though, it’s not necessarily an issue. Personal tolerance and testing it out in training is a helpful way to know what will be best for each athlete.

How Luke hit his numbers

Here's everything that Luke ate and drank on the day...

Luke's weapons of choice

Final thoughts

Luke's Satisfaction Rating
7
/10
The goal was not to perform at my best here. I felt a bit too fatigued during this race to enjoy it, but I think it did tick the boxes I wanted to in terms of getting a hard training race in before Kona and practising my nutrition and race day dynamics.
Luke
Despite coming into this race potentially both under and over cooked, Luke had a great race and result, which potentially had a lot to do with his solid nutrition and hydration strategy. Luke came up a little short on his sodium intake during this race compared to his previous endeavours and could look to bring that more in line with his losses to better support his hydration status in the future.
PF&H

Luke's full stats

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Overall
445g total carb
107g per hour
3,100ml total fluid
743ml per hour
4,872mg total sodium
1,168mg per hour
1,572mg
Sodium per litre
500mg total caffeine
7.7mg per kg
Bike and Run
Bike
Run

Data Confidence
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We rate each of our case studies from 1-5 based on the level of accuracy, and our confidence in the data.
1
2
3
4
5

There is an adequate level of accuracy in the data collected and the numbers reported. The athlete manages to recall what they ate and drank including most specifics (brands flavours quantities plausible estimations of volumes). However there are estimations made within the data which affect the overall confidence level in the data reported.

Luke's recent case studies

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