Eric LiPuma

Pro

CCC by UTMB

30th August, 2024
France
Chamonix
11th, MPRO
Running, Ultra - 62.1mi
79°F
, Hot
11hrs 12mins
more race details

Eric's headline numbers

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?
?
~103
g
Carb per hour
Recommended 90g/h+
~27
oz
Fluid per hour
Recommended 16-32oz/h
~1,133
mg
Sodium per 32oz
Recommended 800-1200mg/32oz
~2.1
mg
Caffeine per lb
Recommended 1.4-2.7mg/lbs
Image Credits: Matt Bouch

Eric's strategy

Fueling

Carbohydrate is the main fuel you burn when racing. Failing to fuel properly is a leading cause of underperformance in longer races.

Carb-rich meal
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T - 1-4hrs: Ate a carb rich meal (Low in fat & fibre)
pre-fueled
?
T - 15mins: Took in a final dose of carb
Carb per hour
Recommended 90g/h+
~103
g
Eric's Energy Rating
7
/10
"In the first half of the race my energy levels were good, but in the second half they started to drop despite still consuming a lot of carbs."
Our thoughts

Eric planned to consume 90g of carbs per hour, which aligns with our recommended intake for a race of this intensity and duration, and was a step up from his carb intake at the same race in 2023. He stuck to this strategy meticulously up until the first crewed checkpoint at Champex-Lac (54km), consuming ~90g/h carbs from primarily PF 90 Gels. He described his energy levels as consistent during this early part of the race until they dropped slightly on the final 4km climb of this section. Considering this, he may have benefitted from strategically increasing his carb intake leading into the ascent in an attempt to deliver more fuel to his working muscles. Between Champex-Lac and the next crewed aid station (71km), Eric increased his carb intake to ~113g/h, and consumed even more carbs (~137g/h) between here and the following crewed checkpoint at Vallorcine (82km). His carb intake remained high (~97g/h) in the last part of the race, reporting no stomach discomfort, which is a testament to his extensive gut training. Interestingly, and despite his high carb intake, he said his energy levels dropped a little more in the second half of the race, particularly around some of the ascents which could indicate a greater emphasis on muscular conditioning is required for future events which include similar elevation.

Hydration

Taking on board an appropriate amount of fluid and sodium is essential to maintaining blood volume and supporting the cardiovascular effort needed to perform on race day.

Whilst the absolute amount of sodium and fluid consumed per hour is important, it’s critical to consider these in relation to each other. This is known as 'relative sodium concentration' and it’s expressed in milligrams per 32oz (mg/32oz). How much sodium you’re taking in per 32oz of fluid is more important than the absolute amount taken in per hour.

Eric1044mg/L
Eric has been Sweat Tested to dial in his hydration plan

Sweat sodium concentration (mg/32oz) is largely genetically determined and remains relatively stable. Knowing how salty your sweat is enables you to replace a good proportion of your sweat losses, which can range from 200-2,000mg/32oz.

Whilst Eric’s losses are on the moderate side, getting his hydration strategy right is still crucial when it’s hot and/or humid as his higher sweat rate in these conditions can result in significant net losses over the duration of a race.

Learn more
Didn't pre-load electrolytes
?
Drinking a strong electrolyte drink before the race could have helped Eric start optimally hydrated
Fluid per hour
Recommended 16-32oz/h
~27
oz
Sodium per 32oz
Recommended 800-1200mg/32oz
~1,133
mg
Eric's Hydration Rating
6
/10
"I got the balance right in the first half of the race as I wasn’t overly thirsty at any point but alsoI did not feel like I over drank water. However, as the race went on I started to crave more plain water. I could’ve overcome this feeling by taking more time to fill bottles at a few places in the race."
Our thoughts

Eric chose to consume plain water supplemented with Electrolyte Capsules throughout the event to closely match the relative sodium concentration of his intake to his known sweat sodium losses. In the first half of the race, he described not being too thirsty, which was reflected in his fluid consumption only being ~750ml/h. However, this increased to ~1L/h from Champex-Lac to the next crewed checkpoint as the temperature rose slightly. After this point, his fluid intake dropped to ~650ml/h for the remainder of the race but his sodium intake remained constant, meaning his relative sodium concentration increased. This was likely a result of attempts to overcome the cramp he suffered intermittently from ~50km into the race. Cramping can be due to a number of factors, but in this instance it seems unlikely to be hydration-related given that Eric’s sodium intake over the race was in line with his sweat sodium losses. Eric would benefit from undertaking some sweat rate testing before his next key races to ensure he meets his fluid requirements, which also may have been part of the reason why he described craving water later in the race.

Caffeine

Beyond the Three Levers of Performance (carb, sodium and fluid), caffeine is one of only a few substances that is proven to improve performance for most endurance athletes as it can help stave off mental and physical fatigue.

Didn't pre-load caffeine
?
Consuming caffeine in the hours before the start may have increased perceived energy levels
Caffeine per lb
Recommended 1.4-2.7mg/lbs
~2.1
mg
Our thoughts

Eric didn’t pre-caffeinate in the morning before the race, and instead attempted to benefit from the ergogenic effects of caffeine in the latter stages. He picked up PF 30 Caffeine Gels at each of the three crewed checkpoints to reach a total dose within the general recommendations. This approach evenly spaced out the doses every 2-3 hours, ensuring that he maintained a consistent circulating concentration of the stimulant in his bloodstream.

How Eric hit his numbers

Here's everything that Eric ate and drank on the day...

Final thoughts

Eric's Satisfaction Rating
6
/10
I was disappointed with 11th, especially as I lost out in a sprint finish for 10th. The positive is that I did improve on my position from the same race in 2023, and I feel confident I could run faster here in future.
Eric
Given the cramping issues that Eric suffered from around half way through the race, he demonstrated true resilience and continued to battle right to the finish line, only just missing out on a top 10 finish. We would recommend that Eric does some sweat rate testing to continue to dial in his hydration strategy, as well as look at some specific strength-based work which may be required to tolerate the eccentric load associated with racing in the Alps.
PF&H

Eric's full stats

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Overall
1150g total carb
103g per hour
303oz total fluid
27oz per hour
10,140mg total sodium
904mg per hour
1,133mg
Sodium per 32oz
308mg total caffeine
2.1mg per lb

Data Confidence
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We rate each of our case studies from 1-5 based on the level of accuracy, and our confidence in the data.
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2
3
4
5

There is an adequate level of accuracy in the data collected and the numbers reported. The athlete manages to recall what they ate and drank including most specifics (brands flavours quantities plausible estimations of volumes). However there are estimations made within the data which affect the overall confidence level in the data reported.

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